Friday, 13 November 2026
Supreme Court of India
Family Law

Supreme Court Dissolves Marriage Under Article 142 After Mediated Settlement in Custody Appeal

Published: · NyayVidhan · 3 min read

In P v. State of Rajasthan & Ors., the Supreme Court, hearing a wife's appeal against the Rajasthan High Court's dismissal of her habeas corpus petition for custody of her two minor children, dissolved the marriage by a decree of divorce by mutual consent under Article 142 after the spouses settled in mediation. Custody and visitation follow their Settlement Agreement, subject to the children's welfare, and the proceedings listed in it stand quashed or disposed of (paras 2, 9).

Supreme Court Dissolves Marriage Under Article 142 After Mediated Settlement in Custody Appeal

Judgment Intelligence

Disposed Of
P v. State of Rajasthan & Ors.
Civil Appeal No. ___ of 2026 (arising out of SLP (C) No. 10176 of 2025)
Court
Supreme Court of India
Date of Decision
29 October 2026
Bench
Chief Justice Surya Kant, Justice Joymalya Bagchi and Justice V. Mohana
Relevant Acts & Sections
Constitution of India — Article 142; Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 — Section 13-B
Final Outcome

Appeal disposed of: joint application allowed; marriage dissolved by a decree of divorce by mutual consent under Article 142; custody and visitation governed by the Settlement Agreement, subject to the children's welfare; the listed proceedings quashed or disposed of; the Agreement made part of the order (paras 9-12).

Source Supreme Court of India, www.sci.gov.in — order dated 29 October 2026

Key holdings

  1. The marriage was dissolved by mutual consent under Article 142; the parties had lived apart since October 2022 (para 9).
  2. Under the Agreement, the father keeps permanent custody of the two minor children until majority; the mother has visitation and parenting time (para 7).
  3. Custody and visitation follow the Agreement, subject to the children's welfare and any order lawfully made in their best interests (para 9).
  4. The proceedings identified in the Agreement stand quashed or disposed of as withdrawn or infructuous (para 9).
  5. The Agreement's terms are part of the order, and the parties must abide by them (para 10).

Judgment digest by NyayVidhan: a summary of the court's judgment, not its text. The judgment itself is the authoritative version.

Brief Facts

The appellant-wife challenged the Rajasthan High Court's judgment of 06.02.2025 in D.B. Habeas Corpus Petition No. 7/2025, which dismissed her petition for custody of her two minor children (para 2). The parties, earlier divorced by mutual consent, had later remarried; disputes then resurfaced and led to several proceedings, including the habeas corpus petition (para 3). On 19.05.2025 the Supreme Court referred the matter to the Supreme Court Mediation Centre (para 4). The wife and the husband, Respondent No. 6, then filed a joint application under Article 142 read with Section 13-B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, with their Settlement Agreement dated 28.11.2025 (para 5).

Court's Findings

Under the Agreement, the husband agreed to pay Rs 20 lakh in full and final settlement of the wife's claims arising out of the matrimonial relationship, paid in two demand drafts (para 6). Permanent custody of the two minor children remains with their father until majority, with visitation and parenting time for the wife on dates mutually decided to suit the children (para 7). The parties agreed to end nine pending proceedings, including FIRs and a complaint case in Jaipur, a writ petition in the High Court and a criminal transfer petition in the Supreme Court, and to start no further proceedings over the settled disputes (para 7). Considering that the parties had amicably resolved their dispute, the Court allowed the joint application (para 9). Recording that they admittedly have been living separately since October 2022, approximately four years, it accepted their joint prayer and dissolved the marriage by a decree of divorce by mutual consent under Article 142 (para 9). Custody and visitation are to be governed by the Agreement, ‘subject to their welfare and any order lawfully made in their best interests’ (para 9). The order makes no finding on custody or on any allegation.

Legal Principle

The order lays down no wider rule. On the spouses' joint prayer after a mediated settlement, with them admittedly living apart since October 2022, the Court granted a decree of divorce by mutual consent under Article 142, keeping the agreed custody and visitation terms subject to the children's welfare and best interests (para 9).

NyayVidhan's view · Practice note

Why It Matters

This order shows how a mother's appeal over the custody of her children, once sent to the Supreme Court Mediation Centre, ended the whole family dispute in one order: divorce by mutual consent under Article 142, agreed custody and visitation, and closure of the pending cases (paras 4, 9). Two points stand out. The Court kept the agreed custody arrangement ‘subject to their welfare and any order lawfully made in their best interests’ (para 9). And only the proceedings identified in the Agreement were closed, with its terms made part of the order (paras 9-10), so parties should list every pending case in the settlement. On the wider Article 142 power, see Shilpa Sailesh v. Varun Sreenivasan.

Editorial comment by the NyayVidhan Editorial Desk. It is not part of the Court's judgment and is not legal advice.

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